雅思写作考试论题讲解：出境旅游的影响
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【文化类】：
International travel often lead people have some prejudices rather than broad minds. What are the main reasons of this phenomenon? What do you think people can get better understanding of the countries they visit? 国际游经常使人们产生文化偏见，而非帮助他们开拓视野，原因何在?如何帮助人们更好地理解旅游目的地。
【点评】：
雅思旧题，原题重现，角度较冷，写作较难。尤其考察的头脑风暴，人生阅历，以及相关的语料库的积累和运用。
本题属于分析问题解决问题的提问角度，符合雅思写作轮转提问的规律，但是，其角度比较简单。其考察内容，对于一般考生，想在现场完成高分作文，阻力较大。
本篇解析为旧文润色，语料库覆盖全部雅思提问角度。
分析问题和解决问题布局图：
首段：背景介绍 +(问题影响)+ 写作目的
二段：分析问题产生的根源：(客观上 + 主观上)(社会原因+ 家庭原因 +个人原因)
三段：问题的解决策略展开：(针对原因：政府如何做;企业如何做;媒体如何做;教育者如何做;家庭如何做;个人如何做)
尾段：再次亮明观点(强调问题的解决应该是各方的协同努力)
【头脑风暴】：
人人渴望旅行，以拓宽视野和丰富阅历，但是，有时候，旅行的过程使游客们产生的却是文化偏见，而非精神的愉悦和视野的开拓。
例证拓展：在韩国， 抚摸人的头是文化禁忌之一;是一种不尊重人的表现。
例证拓展：在泰国，女性在参观寺庙的时候，如果衣服露出膝盖和肩膀会被认为是一种不尊敬宗教信仰的体现。
例证拓展：在西方国家给服务者小费是一种习惯和风俗，尤其是在热门的旅游目的地。例如，在马尔代夫，很多欧美人习惯性地服务生小费，但是，有些中国人就喜欢给小费(因为中国没有这个传统)，这时候，如果有服务生索取小费，游客不给，矛盾冲突，在所难免。(比较有意思的是：如果游客说没有小费可给，服务生会说：留下手表、项链、相机作为礼物也是可以)
例证拓展：台湾人是不食狗肉，在中国大陆，很多地方，例如延边，人们以狗肉为美食(延边人有句话：鲜族人过年，要了狗命了)。可以想象：如果台湾人到延边去旅行，被邀请吃狗肉，他们不会认为这是一种盛情款待，反而，会感到不解甚至愤怒。
【原创范文赏析】：
首段：背景介绍 + 写作目的
Such is human nature to explore those exotic countries and feel the sense of refreshment. Many people desire to expand their minds and enrich their experience of the world during the process of visiting their dream tourism destination. However, some problems inevitably ensue. Instead of feeling the pleasure of travel， what some sightseers feel are only culture prejudice, conflicts and misunderstandings.
【点评】：原则上讲，首段理应亮明写作目的，但是，文无定法。本篇小鹏哥省略主题观点，留下想象空间，自然引出原因以及解决策略。其实，在英语论文写作中，这是方法之一，称为: deduction writing.
解析：Such is human nature to …… 做……是人之本性
拓展：To see the outside world is what every individual aspires after. 见识外面的世界是人人心中的渴望。
解析：However, some problems inevitably ensue. 然而，一些问题，不可避免地随之发生。
二段：问题的原因一的展开：
First, historical differences and diverse customs, to some extent, contribute to the bias, misunderstandings and even hostility. A case in point is that eating dog meat is permissible and understandable in some minority areas in China. More precisely, Taiwan people might be quite amazed when hearing or seeing dog meat is edible, for it is illicit and forbidden to persecute dogs in Taiwan. It is conceivable that Taiwan tourists might be quite shocked and disappointed when visiting some Korean minority areas in Mainland China. People there always take dog meat as delicious foods.
【点评】：旅行中的偏见可能是来自历史和风俗的差异。
解析：contribute to the bias, misunderstandings and even hostility 导致了偏见，误解和敌意。
解析：it is illicit and forbidden to persecute dogs in Taiwan. 在台湾，迫害小狗是非法的，被禁止的。
解析：visiting some Korean minority areas in Mainland China 参观中国大陆的一些朝鲜族地区
三段：问题的原因二的展开：
Further，some sightseers’ deeply rooted concept, and diverse life experience account for the appearance of culture prejudice. To illustrate , a kind of benediction like may you child become a dragon might be acceptable in Chinese culture. However, westerners might consider this kind of malediction as a curse for their children, for dragon equals to monster in western culture.
【点评】：旅行中的偏见可能是来自文化和传统的差异。
解析：…… account for the appearance of culture prejudice. …… 解释了文化偏见的出现
解析：Westerners might consider this kind of malediction as a curse for their children 西方人认为望子成龙的祝福，其实是一种诅咒(因为在西方的文化里，龙是怪物，而非图腾)
四段：解决策略的展开：针对原因
Several methods should be adopted to help tourists minimize the potential culture bias or emotional misunderstanding. Primarily, before paying a visit to one tourism destination, it is feasible to specialize in the customs, histories and local people’s lifestyle. For example, if a western visitor aims to do some sightseeing in the Chinese minority areas like Tibet, it is wise to get to know some taboo, learn some simple minority language and the minority tradition. Also, efforts should be made by those tourist guides or local mass media to disseminate local cultures and popularize some relevant travel taboo. In this sense, people will acquire the first-hand knowledge and thus have a deeper insight into a new country.
【点评】：为了减少旅行中的偏见，旅行者，导游，当地媒体应该共同努力。
解析：Several methods should be adopted to help sb to do sth 我们应该采取措施，帮助某人去做……
解析：pay a visit to sp = visit sp = explore sb = do some sightseeing in sp v参观某地
拓展：it is feasible to do sth = it is viable to do sth 做……是可行的
解析：also, efforts should be made by …… 第二，……应该做出努力去……
解析：disseminate local cultures and popularize some relevant travel taboo 传播当地文化，普及相关的旅行禁忌
尾段：再次亮明观点：
Overall，it is no easy task to iron out possible bias and conflicts before visiting some hot scenic spots. However, memorable travel experience favors the prepared minds.
【点评】： 自然结尾，余音绕梁。
解析：It is no east task to iron out the possible bias and conflicts. 消除潜在的偏见和冲突, 绝非易事。
解析：iron out v 消除……
解析：visit some hot scenic spots v参观一些人们的旅游景区
解析：Memorable travel experience favors the prepared minds. 美好的旅行回忆留给了做好准备的人。
Tips：
1. culture shock n文化休克
解析：主要是来自于两个不同文化差异而引起。可以发生在任何时候，任何新环境。当你到达一个地方觉得很陌生、很困惑，不知道自己的角色是什么、应定位在哪里?应怎么表现才恰当等等，觉得很不舒服。
2. cultural taboo n文化禁忌
解析：文化禁忌是指在某个民族或宗教传统文化里禁忌的一些事物，行动或言语。
