2002年同等学力申硕英语全国统一考试真题
Paper One试卷一（90 minutes）
Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension（20 minutes，15 points）（略）
Part Ⅱ Vocabulary（15 minutes，15 points）
Section A
Directions：In this section there are fifteen sentences，each with one word or phrase underlined. Choose the one from the four choices marked A，B，C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
16. I’d like to take this opportunity to extend my heart-felt gratitude to the host.
A. increase B. prolong C. intensify D. express
17. Chinese farmers are mostly living a simple and thrifty life as it is today.
A. miserable B. economical C. luxurious D. sensible
18. Many of the local residents left homes to ward off the danger of flooding.
A. overcome B. enclose C. encounter D. avoid
19. The State Council will lay down new rules that aim to make management compatible with internationally accepted conventions.
A. conferences B. conversations C. practices D. formations
20. Personality in Americans is further complicated by successive waves of immigration from various countries.
A. uninterrupted B. successful C. forceful D. overwhelming
21. Without question，people’s lives in China have improved dramatically in the past two decades.
A. Out of the question B. No doubt
C. Naturally D. Obviously
22. The dean can’t see you at the moment. He is addressing the first-year students in the lecture hall.
A. complaining to B. arguing with
C. speaking to D. consulting with
23. He does nothing that violates the interests of the collective.
A. runs for B. runs against C. runs over D. runs into
24. As a result of sophisticated technologies，this device has several advantages over like products.
A. traditional B. intelligent C. industrious D. advanced
25. The patient’s condition has deteriorated since he had a heart attack.
A. improved a little B. remained the same
C. become worse D. changed a lot
26. When taken in large quantities some drugs can cause permanent brain damage.
A. lasting B. serious C. terrible D. temporary
27. One U.S. dollar is comparable to 131 Japanese yen according to China Daily’s finance news report yesterday.
A. compatible B. compact C. equal D. entitled
28. At that time work was restricted to slaves and to those few poor citizens who couldn’t support themselves.
A. attributed B. limited C. connected D. devoted
29. I found this very profitable in diminishing the intensity of narrow-minded prejudice.
A. lessening B. reflecting C. removing D. increasing
30. When a man knows that he will be put into prison if he uses a potentially deadly object to rob or do harm to another person，he will think twice about it.
A. passive B. lifelong C. unhappy D. fatal
Section B
Directions：In this section，there are fifteen incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
31. This great project at the Three Gorges of the Yangtze is expected to ____ twenty years to complete.
A. spend B. consume C. need D. take
32. His effort of decades began to____. He came to be well-known for his findings.
A. pay off B. die off C. put off D. break off
33. The ____ of lung cancer is particularly high among long-term heavy smokers，especially chain smokers.
A. incident B. accident C. incidence D. evidence
34. Nothing is so uncertain as the fashion market where one style____over another before being replaced.
A. dominates B. manipulates C. overwhelms D. prevails
35. Mrs. Brown couldn’t shake the____that these kids were in deep trouble and it was up to her to help them.
A. conversion B. conviction C. conservation D. convention
36. X-rays are also called Rontgen rays____the discoverer who first put them to use.
A. in case of B. in view of C. in place of D. in honor of
37. Telecommunication developments have enabled people to send messages____ television，radio and electronic mail.
A. via B. amid C. past D. across
38. Technology has____the sharing，storage and delivery of information，thus making more information available to more people.
A. finished B. furnished C. functioned D. facilitated
39. The philosophy class began with twenty students but three ____ after the midterm exam.
A. picked up B. turned out C. dropped out D. kept up
40. The following account by the author____the difference between European and American reactions.
A. illustrates B. acquires C. demands D. deletes
41. An intimate and____knowledge of how you are doing in the customer’s eyes is critical.
A. objective B. subordinate C. optional D. subsequent
42. Long to harmful pollutants is most likely to lead to a decline in health.
A. contact B. touch C. use D. exposure
43. The architectural differences may____confusion or discomfort for the foreign travelers.
A. vary B. describe C. cause D. impress
44. being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.
A. Rather than B. Apart from C. Instead of D. Owing to
45. Even at discounted prices，these powerful AIDS drugs are far beyond ____ for most of the world’s 40 million HIV-infected people.
A. reach B. control C. comprehension D. imagination
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension（40 minutes，25 points）
Directions：There are five passages in this part. Each passage is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best one and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
Passage One
John Grisham was born on February 2，1955，in Jonesboro，Arkansas，in the USA. His father was a construction worker and moved his family all around the southern states of America，stopping wherever he could find work. Eventually they settled in Mississippi. Graduating from law school in 1981，Grisham practiced law for nearly a decade in Southaven，specializing in criminal defense and personal injury litigation（诉讼）. In 1983，he was elected to the state House of Representatives and served until 1990.
One day at the Dessoto County courthouse，Grisham heard the horrifying testimony of a 12-year-old rape victim. He decided to write a novel exploring what would have happened if the girl’s father had murdered her attackers. He proceeded to get up every morning at 5 a.m. to work on the novel，called A Time to Kill，which was published in 1988. Grisham’s next novel，The Firm，was one of the biggest hits of 1991，spending 47 weeks on The New York Times bestseller list. Grisham lives with his wife and two children，dividing their time between their Victorian home on a 67 acre farm in Mississippi and a 204 acre plantation near Charlottesville，Virginia.
When he’s not writing，Grisham devotes time to charitable causes，including mission trips with his church group. As a child he dreamt of becoming a professional baseball player，and now serves as the local Little League commissioner. He has built six ballfields on his property and hosts children from 26 Little League teams.
46. John Grisham is at present.
A. a writer B. a lawyer
C. a professional baseball player D. a congressman
47. What inspired Grisham to write his first novel？
A. A case of murder. B. A case of rape.
C. His father’s experience. D. His life on the farm.
48. The story of the novel A Time to Kill would probably focus on .
A. how the girl was attacked B. the circumstances of the rape
C. how the girl’s father took revenge D. how the case of rape was settled
49. Which of the following is NOT true of the novel The Firm？
A. It was popular at the time of publication.
B. It earned Grisham great fame.
C. I brought Grisham wealth.
D. It was carried by The New York Times as a series.
50. It can be inferred from the passage that Grisham has built ballfields on his property .
A. to achieve his life’s goal as a professional baseball player
B. to coach children in baseball
C. to see his childhood dream being realized in the children
D. to provide facilities of baseball training
Passage Two
A quality education is the ultimate liberator. It can free people from poverty，giving them the power to greatly improve their lives and take a productive place in society. It can also free communities and countries，allowing them to leap forward into periods of wealth and social unity that otherwise would not be possible.
For this reason，the international community has committed itself to getting all the world’s children into primary school by 2015，a commitment known as Education for All.
Can education for all be achieved by 2015？The answer is definitely“yes”，although it is a difficult task. If we know measure the goal in terms of children successfully completing a minimum of five years of primary school，instead of just enrolling for classes，which used to be the measuring stick for education，then the challenge becomes even more difficult. Only 32 countries were formerly believed to be at risk of not achieving education for all on the basis of enrollment rates. The number rises to 88 if completion rates are used as the criterion.
Still，the goal is achievable with the right policies and the right support from the international community. 59 of the 88 countries at risk can reach universal primary completion by 2015 if they bring the efficiency and quality of their education systems into line with standards observed in higher-performing systems. They also need significant increases in external financing and technical support. The 29 countries lagging farthest behind will not reach the goal without unprecedented rates of progress. But this is attainable with creative solution，including use of information technologies，flexible and targeted foreign aid，and fewer people living in poverty.
A key lesson of experience about what makes development effective is that a country’s capacity to use aid well depends heavily on its policies，institutions and management. Where a country scores well on these criteria，foreign assistance can be highly effective.
51. In the first paragraph，the author suggests that a quality education can .
A. free countries from foreign rules
B. speed up social progress
C. give people freedom
D. liberate people from any exploitation
52. Ideally，the goal of the program of Education for All is to by 2015.
A. get all the world’s children to complete primary school
B. enroll all the world’s children into primary school
C. give quality education to people of 88 countries
D. support those committed to transforming their education systems
53. countries are now at risk of not achieving education for all on the basis of completion rates.
A. 32 B. 59 C. 29 D. 88
54. According to the passage，which of the following is NOT mentioned as the right policy？
A. Raising the efficiency of education systems.
B. Improving the quality of education.
C. Using information technologies.
D. Building more primary school.
55. As can be gathered from the last paragraph，foreign aid .
A. may not be highly effective
B. is provided only when some criteria are met
C. alone makes development possible
D. is most effective for those countries lagging farthest behind
Passage Three
Most people think of lions as strictly African beasts，but only because they’ve been killed off almost everywhere else. Ten thousand years ago lions spanned vast sections of the globe. Now lions hold only a small fraction of their former habitat，and Asiatic lions，a subspecies that spit from African lions perhaps 100000 years ago，hang on to an almost impossibly small slice of their former territory.
India is the proud steward of these 300 or so lions，which live primarily in a 560-square-mile sanctuary（保护区）. It took me a year and a half to get a permit to explore the entire Gir Forest—and no time at all to see why these lions became symbols of royalty and greatness. A tiger will hide in the forest unseen，but a lion stands its ground，curious and unafraid—lionhearted. Though they told me in subtle ways when I got too close，Gir’s lions allowed me unique glimpses into their lives during my three months in the forest. It’s odd to think that they are threatened by extinction；Gir has as many lions as it can hold—too many，in fact. With territory in short supply，lions move about near the boundary of the forest and even leave it altogether，often clashing with people. That’s one reason India is creating a second sanctuary. There are other pressing reasons：outbreaks of disease or natural disasters. In 1994 a serious disease killed more than a third of Africa’s Serengeti lions—a thousand animals—a fate that could easily happen to Gir’s cats. These lions are especially vulnerable to disease because they descend from as few as a dozen individuals.“If you do a DNA test，Asiatic lions actually look like identical twins.”says Stephen O’Brien，a geneticist（基因学家）who has studied them. Yet the dangers are hidden，and you wouldn’t suspect them by watching these lords of the forest. The lions display vitality，and no small measure of charm.
Though the gentle intimacy of play vanishes when it’s time to eat，meals in Gir are not necessarily frantic affairs. For a mother and her baby lion sharing a deer，or a young male eating an antelope（羚羊），there’s no need to fight for a cut of the kill. The animals they hunt for food are generally smaller in Gir than those in Africa，and hunting groups tend to be smaller as well.
56. In the first paragraph，the author tells us that Asiatic lions .
A. have killed off other lions
B. have descended from African lions
C. used to span vast sections of the globe
D. have lost their habitat
57. What impressed the author most when he went to watch the lions in the Gir Forest？
A. Their friendliness. B. Their size.
C. Their intimacy. D. Their vitality.
58. What does the sentence“...meals in Gir are not necessarily frantic affair”mean？
A. The lions do not show intimacy among them any more.
B. The lions may not deed to fight for food.
C. Food is not readily available in that region.
D. Meals can be obtained only with great effort.
59. The lions in the Gir Forest are especially vulnerable to disease because .
A. they have descended from a dozen or so ancestors
B. they are smaller than the African lions
C. they do not have enough to eat
D. they are physically weaker than the African lions
60. One of the reasons why India is creating a secondary sanctuary for the Asiatic lions is that
A. the present sanctuary is not large enough
B. scientists want to do more research on them
C. they have killed many people
D. the forest is shrinking in size
Passage Four
After retirement from medical，my wife and I built our home in a gated community surrounded by yacht clubs and golf courses on Hilton Head Island. But when I left for the other side of the island，I was traveling on unpaved roads lined with leaky cottages. The“lifestyle”of many of the native islanders stood in shocking contrast to my comfortable existence.
By talking to the local folks，I discovered that the vast majority of the maids，gardeners，waitresses and construction workers who make this island work had little or no access to medical care. It seemed outrageous to me. I wondered why someone didn’t do something about that. Then my father’s words，which he had asked his children daily when they were young，rang in my head again：“What did you do for someone today？”
Even though my father had died several years before，I guess I still didn’t want to disappoint him. So I started working on a solution. The island was full of retired doctors. If I could persuade them to spend a few hours a week volunteering their services，we could provide free primary health care to those so desperately in need of it. Most of the doctors I approached liked the idea，so long as they could be relicensed without troubles. It took one year and plenty of persistence，but I was able to persuade the state legislators to create a special license for doctors volunteering in not-for-profit clinics.
The town donated land，local residents contributed office and medical equipment and some of the potential patients volunteered their weekends ornamenting the building that would become the clinic. We named it volunteers in Medicine and we opened its doors in 1994，fully staffed by retired physicians，nurses and dentists as well as nearly 150 nonprofessional volunteers. That year we had 5000 patient visits；last year we had 16000.
Somehow word of what we were doing got around. Soon we were receiving phone calls from retired physicians all over the country，asking for help in starting VIM clinics in their communities. We did the best we could—there are now 15 other clinics operating—but we couldn’t keep up with the need. Yet last month I think my father’s words found their way up north，to McNeil Consumer Healthcare，the maker of Tylenol（泰诺：一种感冒药）. A major grant from McNeil will allow us to respond to these requests and help establish other free clinics in communities around the country.
61. What is the passage mainly about？
A. The contrast between the rich and the poor on an island.
B. The story of a man who likes to give others advice.
C. The life and work of a great father.
D. The inspiration of a father’s words.
62. The author of the passage is .
A. a retired physician B. a retired teacher
C. a retired medical researcher D. a retired construction worker
63. The purpose of Volunteers in Medicine is to .
A. help retired medical workers improve their incomes
B. provide free medical services to those who need them
C. urge the government to set up non-profit clinics
D. make the dream of the author’s father come true
64. Which of the following has been done by the author himself？
A. Buying the medical equipment.
B. Finding the land and the office.
C. Decorating the building that would become the clinic.
D. Getting a special license for the retired doctors.
65. In the last paragraph，“I think my father’s words found their way up north to McNeil”implies that .
A. my father’s words finally reached McNeil
B. McNeil decided to do something for the needy people
C. My father decided to assist us in opening more clinics in the north
D. McNeil community was badly in need of free health care programs
Passage Five
Even before Historian Joseph Ellis became a best-selling author，he was famous for his vivid lectures. In his popular courses at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts，he would often make classroom discussion lively by describing his own combat experience in Vietnam. But as Ellis’s reputation grew-his books on the Founding Fathers have won both the prestigious National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize—the history professor began to entertain local and national reporters with his memories of war. Last year，after The Boston Globe carried accounts of Ellis’s experience in the Vietnam war，someone who knew the truth about Ellis dropped a dime（揭发）. Last week The Boston Globe revealed that Ellis，famous for explaining the nation’s history，had some explaining to do about his own past.
“Even in the best of lives，mistakes are made.”said a wretched Ellis . It turned out that while the distinguished historian had served in the Army，he’d spent his war years not in the jungles of Southeast Asia，but teaching history at West Point（西点军校）. He’d also overstated his role in the antiwar movement and even his high-school athletic records. His admission shocked colleagues，fellow historians and students who wondered why someone so accomplished would beautify his past. But it seems that success and truthfulness don’t always go hand in hand. Even among the distinguished achievers，security experts say，one in ten is deceiving-indulging in everything from empty boasting to more serious offenses such as plagiarism（剽窃），fictionalizing military records，making up false academic certificates or worse. And，oddly，prominent people who beautify the past often do so once they’re famous，says Ernest Brod of Kroll Associates，which has conducted thousands of background checks. Says Brod：“It’s not like they use these lies to climb the ladder.”
Then what makes them do it？Psychologists say some people succeed，at least in part，because they are uniquely adjusted to the expectations of others. And no matter how well-known，those people can be haunted by a sense of their own shortcomings.“From outside，these people look anything but fragile，”says Dennis Shulman，a New York psychoanalyst.“But inside，they feel hollow，empty.”
66. Which of the following is true about Ellis？
A. He is a famous professor of history at West Point.
B. His book on the Vietnam war has won two important prizes.
C. He has told both students and reporters about his own experience of war.
D. He has written a best-seller for a newspaper—The Boston Globe.
67. While Ellis served in the Army，he .
A. combated in Vietnam
B. taught at a military school
C. exaggerated his part as a historian
D. made mistakes in the antiwar movement
68. What did Ellis lie about？
A. His war experience in Vietnam.
B. His athletic records in high school.
C. His role in the antiwar movement.
D. All of the above.
69. What does“to climb the ladder”in the second paragraph mean？
A. To become more successful.
B. To inquire into one’s background.
C. To cover one’s serious offenses.
D. To go further in beautifying one’s past.
70. According to psychologists，successful people who lie about themselves
A. take pride in their weaknesses B. feel weak in their hearts
C. think nothing of others D. look weak to others
Part Ⅳ Cloze（15 minutes，10 points）
Directions：In this part ，there is a passage with twenty blanks . For each blank there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the best answer for each blank and mark the corresponding letter on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
With 950 million people，India ranks second to China among the most populous countries. But since China 71 a family planning program in 1971，India has been closing the 72 . Indians have reduced their birth rate but not nearly 73 the Chinese have. If current growth rates continue，India’s population will 74 China’s around the year 2028 75 about 1.7 billion.
Should that happen，it won’t be the 76 of the enlightened women of Kerala，a state in southern India. 77 India as a whole adds almost 20 million people a year，Kerala’s population is virtually 78 . The reason is no mystery：nearly two-thirds of Kerala women practice birth control， 79 about 40% in the entire nation.
The difference 80 the emphasis put on health programs， 81 birth control，by the state authorities， 82 in 1957 became India’s first elected Communist 83 . And an educational tradition and matrilineal（母系的）customs in parts of Kerala help girls and boys get 84 good schooling. While one in three Indian women is 85 ，90% of those in Kerala can read and write.
Higher literacy rates 86 Family planning.“Unlike our Parents，we know that we can do more for our children if we have 87 of them，”says Laila Cherian，33，who lives in the Village of Kudamaloor. She has limited herself 88 three children-one below the national
89 of four. That kind of restraint（抑制；克制）will keep Kerala from putting added 90 on world food supplies.
71. A. discovered B. circulated C. launched D. transmitted
72. A. gap B. top C. bit D. bet
73. A. as many as B. as well as C. as soon as D. as much as
74. A. shake B. pass C. rocket D. impress
75. A. on B. in C. at D. for
76. A. force B. fight C. false D. fault
77. A. While B. Since C. Because D. Suppose
78. A. reliable B. stable C. countable D. flexible
79. A. benefited from B. involved with C. compared with D. resulted from
80. A. lies in B. shows off C. results in D. departs from
81. A. reviving B. including C. practicing D. containing
82. A. that B. since C. what D. which
83. A. group B. alliance C. government D. bureau
84. A. equally B. officially C. sharply D. proudly
85. A. cultural B. literate C. native D. responsible
86. A. foster B. hamper C. reform D. advocate
87. A. less B. more C. fewer D. better
88. A. in B. at C. as D. to
89. A. statistics B. average C. tendency D. category
90. A. increase B. challenge C. pressure D. complaint
Paper Two试卷二（60 minutes）
Part Ⅰ Error Detection and Correction（10 minutes，10 points）
Directions：Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A，B，C and D. Identify the part of the sentence that is incorrect. Then，write down the corresponding letter and，without altering the meaning of the sentence，put the correction on the ANSWER SHEET.
1. The new technology has made possible for the doctor to make diagnoses without seeing the
patient in person.
A B C D
2. Customers are asked to ensure that they have given correct change before leaving the shop as mistakes cannot be afterwards remedied.
A B C D
3. This research program is financed by two funds，the largest of which could last for two years.
A B C D
4. The fact which a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor does not mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage.
A B CD
5. There is few evidence that children in language classrooms learn foreign languages any better than adults in similar classroom situations.
A B C D
6. Although fitness will not guarantee that you will live longer，it can help you enjoying the years you do live.
A B CD
7. While schools developing online curricula try to strike a balance between profits and prestige，many educators are confusing about their role in this digital world.
A BC D
8. He was caught cheating in the examination. If he had had a tail，he would put it between his legs.
A B C D
9. When he speaks at banquets ，he makes a point of going into the kitchen and to shake hands with every waiter and waitress.
A B C D
10. Other guests at yesterday’s opening，which was broadcast alive by the radio station，included the princess and her husband.
A B C D
Part Ⅱ Translation（20 minutes，10 points ）
Directions：Translate the following passage into English. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.
在过去20年中，世界上没有任何一个国家的外贸发展速度像中国那么快。日本用了20多年时间才将其外贸总额翻了一番，而中国却翻了两番。中国现在已是全球第三大电器生产国，并且正在成为全球电器市场上的主角。中国还是世界上劳动密集型（labor-intensive）产品的主要生产国。
Part Ⅲ Guided Writing（30 minutes ，15 points）
Directions：In this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on The Increase in the Number of Chinese Traveling Abroad. Study the following chart carefully and base your composition on the information given in the chart.
1. State the changes in the number of Chinese traveling abroad in the past three years.
2. Give possible reasons for the changes.
