雅思写作小作文：《雅思官方指南》地图题句型解析_雅思写作
近年来，非数据类图表在雅思写作小作文的考试当中，比例逐渐上升。例如2013年度，地图题(占全年考试10%)和流程图(占全年考试6%)，这两项合起来，已经超过饼图(13%)，直抵线图(17%)，这无外乎难倒了小烤鸭。其中，经历年代变迁的地图题是较为典型的难点之一。今天，我们以《雅思官方指南》中的地图题为例，北京爱思学雅思小编为大家介绍一些地理变迁当中的句型，这其实并非模板，读完你会发现，根据不同的地图，我们要进行不同程度的修改和有针对性的应用，但是万变不离其宗，“摩登句型”自有妙用。
请看下面一幅“变迁类”地图题：
雅思写作中，幅图为静态地理位置描写，并不算难;但当描述到第二幅图的时候，许多同学徒有一些表示“扩建”“缩减”“被替代”的词汇，却不知道到底如何写出句子。现在就是用句型让他们发挥作用的时刻了，我们一起来精读一段范文：
In the present-day town, a great deal changed.
分析：主题句，概述这个小镇经历了很大的变迁。
Perhaps the most noticeable change are those relating to transportation. Our modern-day needs are very different and so the roads have been improved and traffic lights, a roundabout and a zebra crossing have been added, as well as an extra road. Increased traffic means that a car park has now replaced Goode Farm and the fields that are located at the top of the 1700 map.
分析：此段首先采用被动语态，最显客观。分别用‘have been done’的结构，即现在完成时搭配被动语态，描述道路被修缮了，安全岛和斑马线被增建了，时态和句型都有加分。其后，一个停车场取代了原来的Goode农场，此处句式进行变化，回归主动的叙述，A取代B的句型，毫无重复。这一段，我们积累的必备句型为被动式：A have been v-ed (eg. added/removed etc.) 主动式：B have replaced C
Housing is another area where many changes have been made. While in 1700 there were few houses, now there are rows of houses and a block of flats instead of the stables.
分析：总起“房屋是另一个变化所在”，然后采取时间前后对比描述，’While in XX there were..., now there are...’ 一前一后的对比，十分清晰，这同样可以作为重点句型的积累，但是特别注意描述过去的情况用过去时，描述现在的情况回到一般现在时。
A further development is the supermarket and the hotel, which have been extended.
分析：前面已经用过对比句型，为了避免重复，范文再次为小烤鸭指引航向，一个非限定性定语从句：’..., which has/have been...’的结构，将变化之处再次明确表达出来，让人眼前一亮。此句可总结为’A further development is the..., which have been...’
