雅思写作语法：巧用分词和动名词_雅思写作
在雅思写作中使用动名词和分词，比起写简单单句就要了多，那么如何正确使用分词和动名词?写出的表达的句子?以下北京爱思学雅思培训小编为大家解读雅思写作语法动名词及分词的相关知识：
动名词
在雅思写作中，动名词可以让语句看起来结构紧凑，不罗嗦。动名词既具有动词的一些特征(允许有自己的宾语)，又具有名词的一些特征(可以作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等)。
动名词的时态与语态
1)构成：与"V-ing"分词的构成相同
2)时态：
①动名词的完成式表示其动作先于谓语动词的动作。
They regret not having taken your advice.
He was praised for having made such a contribution to the company.
②动名词的一般式也可表示一个先于谓语动词的动作。
I remember seeing a film.
He admitted to stealing the book.
3)动名词的被动语态：
①动名词的被动语态表示它的逻辑主语是动名词所表示的动作的承受者。
He dislikes being interrupted during his study.
Several of the customers complain of having been treated very rudely.
②动名词的被动态有自己的逻辑主语。
He was so surprised at being discovered that he didn’t even try to run away.
The workers were proud of their products being praised highly by the buyers.
分词
分词既具有动词的一些特征(可以有自己的逻辑宾语)，又具有形容词(可以作定语、表语、宾补、主补)和副词(状语)的特征。分词在雅思作文中的作用明显，由于考生整体上对于分词掌握的并不是十分好，所以在雅思写作中出现恰当的分词，会给雅思作文加分不少。
(1)分词的时态和语态
1)构成：(以动词“do”为例)
①现在分词的构成(V-ing)：
主动态：一般式(doing);完成式(having done)
被动态：一般式“being done;完成式(having been done)
否定式：一般式(not doing/not being done);完成式(not having done/not having been done)
[注]“V-ing”分词的被动态结构表示它的逻辑主语是"V-ing"分词所表示的动作的承受者。
The problem being discussed is of importance.
Having been invited to speak.I’ll start making preparations this evening.
②过去分词的构成(V-ed)：
只有一种形式(done)，表示被动意义已完成了的动作或状态。1
Considered from this point of view, the question will be of great importance.
My taxes having been paid the amount left in the bank is hardly worth mentioning.
2)时态(只有现在分词才有时态形式的变化)：
①现在分词的一般式表示动作与主句谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
He came to visit me，bringing his girl friend with him.
Hearing the good news，she burst into laughing.
②现在分词的完成式表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前，常用作状语。这个比较难，也是雅思作文的应用技巧之一
Having finished her homework，she went to bed.
Having worked in the fields for two hours.they had a rest.
在雅思写作中，分词和动名词的应用都是能帮助考生拿的技巧。大家在能够基本掌握雅思作文语句的正确书写的情况下可以练习这两种方法，为自己的雅思作文加分。
