SAT备考之千里跬步

发表时间:2024-04-02 17:08:14

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我归纳了SAT各种题型的做题方法,并带着学生们逐个专题训练。文法部分的掌握情况比阅读部分好很多。几乎所有文法题都可以按照方法轻松做对。可是阅读部分就差强人意。原因在于本届学生普遍基础差:大部分学生的词汇量6000+,少数学生词汇量8000+。这是用百词斩测出来的,真实词汇量可能还低一些。自从我带SAT备考组以来,这是历届词汇量最低的一届。挑战越来越大了。除了应试方法外,我们需要继续夯实基础。 
Behavioral ecologists Will Wiggins, Sarah Bounds, and Shawn Wilder recently examined the behavior of field-collected and laboratory-reared bold jumping spiders (Phidippus audax). They found a positive association between experimental high-protein diets and aggressive behavior in field-collected males and a similar association between experimental high-lipid diets and aggressive behavior in lab-reared males; additionally, field-collected spiders showed a preference for flowers manipulated to display ultraviolet fluorescence, whereas lab-reared spiders showed a preference for flowers dyed with red food coloring that was not fluorescent. Wiggins, Bounds, and Wilder therefore concluded thatA rearing condition likely affect the responses of bold jumping spiders to experimental stimuli.B being raised in a laboratory setting reduces aggression among male bold jumping spiders.C laboratory settings are more suitable for studying bold jumping spiders’ diets than their flower preferences.D experiments involving bold jumping spiders should make use of lab-reared individuals.
这是blue book5的一道题,学生做错的原因是看不懂这段话。有的人是生词较多导致看不懂,而有的人即使认识单词也不理解这段话的意思。虽然这段话只有两个句子,但是第二句比较长。如果没有大量原版书的阅读基础,或者没有大量的分析长难句的基础,即便认识所有单词,也不能立马理解意思。小张同学平时背诵托福单词,可是测试的词汇量是5000+;阅读《无人生还》,可是时常把句意A理解为句意B。我多次建议她换成合适的材料,但是她置如罔闻,不愿意按照我的方法和进度进行。她自己报了机构的网课。网课结束后,每次模考依然是垫底。了解得知,她报的是机构一对六的网课,课上她不发言只不停地抄笔记,课下没有花时间消化落实。学了个热闹,落了个寂寞。撞南墙不回头,她继续到处打听哪个机构好哪个辅导老师出名。最后是家长断了她的念想——不会再给她花钱找机构。这才不得不安下心。她通过查单词,把这句话逐字逐字翻译出来后,觉得自己懂了,于是高兴地来找我反馈。我简单问了一下句子结构,她就傻眼了。
于是我带着她逐步分析。第一步 先把认识的单词标出来,通过认识的单词大概理解一下句子的意思。Behavioral ecologists Will Wiggins, Sarah Bounds, and Shawn Wilder recently examined the behavior of field-collected and laboratory-reared bold jumping spiders (Phidippus audax). They found a positive association between experimental high-protein diets and aggressive behavior in field-collected males and a similar association between experimental high-lipid diets and aggressive behavior in lab-reared males; additionally, field-collected spiders showed a preference for flowers manipulated to display ultraviolet fluorescence, whereas lab-reared spiders showed a preference for flowers dyed with red food coloring that was not fluorescent.(请自测。)
第二步 挑出句子主干部分。首先找到所有谓语动词并标红;然后挑出句子的主干部分,也就是主谓宾;接着找出连接谓语的连接词或者连接性标点符号并标黄。(这段话主要就是两句话。)Will Wiggins, Sarah Bounds, and Shawn Wilder examined the behavior. 大家可能不认识Behavioral ecologists 这两个生词,但可能知道Will Wiggins, Sarah Bounds, and Shawn Wilder这是三个人,而且是三个Behavioral ecologists。在定位主语时,可以用Behavioral ecologists,也可以用Will Wiggins, Sarah Bounds, and Shawn Wilder。They found a association and a association ; spiders showed a preference , whereas spiders showed a preference.他们发现一个association和一个association;蜘蛛显示一个表现,whereas蜘蛛显示一种表现。这句话有三个谓语动词,分号前后各是一个部分。分号前面有三个and,如果大家知道between...and 是固定搭配,就容易分清三个and的内容了。between experimental high-protein diets and aggressive behavior in field-collected malesbetween experimental high-lipid diets and aggressive behavior in lab-reared malesa positive association and a similar association分号后面有连接词whereas连接两个小句子。虽然不认识whereas,但是可以推测这个词属于连接词,连接了spiders showed a preference 和 spiders showed a preference这两个小句子。而且由于这两个小句子基本一样,所以whereas与and/but的用法类似。
第三步 逐渐增加内容进行理解。1Behavioral ecologists examined the behavior of spiders .They found a positive association and a similar association ; field-collected spiders showed a preference , whereas lab-reared spiders showed a preference.Behavioral ecologists 测验蜘蛛的一种行为。他们发现一个association和一个相似的association;野外收集的蜘蛛显示一个表现,whereas实验室蜘蛛显示一种表现。根据前面有similar而后面没有,可以推测whereas大概率类似but,表示转折。2Behavioral ecologists recently examined the behavior of field-collected and laboratory-reared bold jumping spiders (Phidippus audax).They found a positive association between diets and behavior and a similar association between  diets and behavior ; field-collected spiders showed a preference for flowers , whereas lab-reared spiders showed a preference for flowers .Behavioral ecologists 测验野外收集的蜘蛛和实验室饲养的蜘蛛的一种行为。他们发现一个在饮食与行为之间的association和一个在饮食与行为之间的相似的association;野外收集的蜘蛛显示对花的一个表现,而实验室蜘蛛显示对花的一种表现。可以推测rear大概率是饲养的意思。3Behavioral ecologists recently examined the behavior of field-collected and laboratory-reared bold jumping spiders (Phidippus audax).They found a positive association between diets and behavior in field-collected males and a similar association between diets and behavior in lab-reared males;  field-collected spiders showed a preference for flowers to display fluorescence, whereas lab-reared spiders showed a preference for flowers dyed with red food coloring that was not fluorescent.Behavioral ecologists 测验野外收集的蜘蛛和实验室饲养的蜘蛛的一种行为。他们发现在野外收集的雄性蜘蛛的一个在饮食与行为之间的association,在实验室饲养的雄性蜘蛛的一个在饮食与行为之间的相似的association;野外收集的蜘蛛显示对呈现出fluorescence的花的一个表现,而实验室蜘蛛显示出对没有fluorescence的被染成红色的花的一种表现。4Behavioral ecologists Will Wiggins, Sarah Bounds, and Shawn Wilder recently examined the behavior of field-collected and laboratory-reared bold jumping spiders (Phidippus audax).They found a positive association between experimental high-protein diets and aggressive behavior in field-collected males and a similar association between experimental high-lipid diets and aggressive behavior in lab-reared males; additionally, field-collected spiders showed a preference for flowers manipulated to display ultraviolet fluorescence, whereas lab-reared spiders showed a preference for flowers dyed with red food coloring that was not fluorescent.到此步,句子结构和大概意思理清楚了。最后查一下生词。行为生态学家Will Wiggins、Sarah Bounds和Shawn Wilder最近研究了野外收集和实验室饲养的大胆跳蛛的行为。他们发现实验性高蛋白饮食与野外收集的雄性的攻击性行为之间存在正相关,实验性高脂饮食与实验室饲养的雄性的攻击性行为之间存在类似的关联;此外,野外收集的蜘蛛表现出对被处理过以显示紫外荧光的花朵的偏好,而实验室饲养的蜘蛛则表现出对用非荧光红色食用色素染色的花朵的偏好。
第四步 用简洁的语言解释句子。行为生态学家研究野外蜘蛛和实验室蜘蛛的行为。两种蜘蛛的攻击性行为类似;但是两种蜘蛛对花朵的偏爱行为不同。
第五步 分析选项。Wiggins, Bounds, and Wilder therefore concluded thatA rearing condition likely affect the responses of bold jumping spiders to experimental stimuli.饲养条件可能影响蜘蛛对实验刺激的反应。(从文中最后部分可以得知A是正确的。)B being raised in a laboratory setting reduces aggression among male bold jumping spiders.在实验室环境中饲养可以减少雄性蜘蛛的攻击性。(而文中表达的是攻击性方面是similar,所以B错误。)C laboratory settings are more suitable for studying bold jumping spiders’ diets than their flower preferences.实验室环境更适合研究蜘蛛的饮食而不是它们的花朵偏爱方面。(文章不是把diets和flower preferences进行比较。所以C错误。)D experiments involving bold jumping spiders should make use of lab-reared individuals.涉及大胆跳蛛的实验应使用实验室饲养的个体。(文章没有这个意思。所以D错误。)这些步骤是针对词汇量比较少且理解力弱的人进行的。不同的词汇量和不同的理解力的人在进行第三步的细节时,可以跳读。